ABSTRACT
The main objective of the study was to investigate the most common chief complaints and the mean age of the Jordanian children at which they report for their first dental visit. The sample of this clinical prospective study, conducted in 2010 and 2013, comprised a total of 166 patients [76 males and 90 females] who were referred to paedodontic clinic of Princess Haya Hospital, Prince Hashem Hospital, Marka Military Medical Centre, King Hussein Medical Centre, Ameer Zaid Hospital / Royal Medical Services-Jordan Armed Forces-Jordan. Inclusion criteria for enrolment in the study were the subjects who were not suffering from any systemic condition nor they were using any pharmacological agent known to affect the dentition. Patients were diagnosed using an examination kit containing dental mirror, explorer, tweezers, facial mask and sterile gloves. Patient's date of birth, gender, brushing habits and chief complaint were recorded. The study group consisted of 166 patients with a mean [ +/- SD] age of 64.76 +/- 23.07 months. Seventy six were male patients with a mean [ +/- SD] age of 65.61 +/- 24.18 months compared to 90 females with a mean [ +/- SD] age of 64.05 +/- 22.20 months. The difference in mean age between both groups was statistically significant [P<0.05, t-test]. Age range was 24-144 months. Most common chief complaint for the first visit was pain [48.8%]. Second common complaint was having dental cavities [29.5%]. There was noticeable increase in number of subjects who never brushed their teeth. There was a significant difference between different areas in brushing habits [P<0.05, Chi-squire test]. Good correlation was found between brushing habits and number of carious teeth [P<0.05, Pearson's correlation]. It was concluded that two most common complaints for seeking dental appointment were dental pain and dental caries
ABSTRACT
Oral leiomyomas are rare benign tumour of smooth muscle. The first case of oral leiomyoma was reported by Blanc in 1884 and since then more cases has been published following advancement in immunohistochemical study. This tumour has an excellent prognosis and recurrences are extremely rare. We report a case of a recurrent glossal leiomyoma in a patient with HIV infection and the lesion recurred one year after the first excision.
ABSTRACT
infection of the lower respiratory tract causes significant morbidity at Assiut University Hospitals in Assiut, Egypt among children and adults. Respiratory viruses play an important role in lower respiratory tract infection affecting individuals of all age groups. To determine the contribution of viruses to lower respiratory tract infection in patients presented or admitted at Assiut University Hospitals, with typing, subtyping, and phylogenetic analysis of the detected viruses. A two-year study was conducted from 2007 to 2009 at the National Influenza Centre [Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany]. Respiratory samples obtained from 520 patients suffered from lower respiratory tract infection were collected. Detection and characterization of the causative viruses was performed using both the conventional methods of viral isolation and molecular methods of real-time polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis. Seventy nine positive cases were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction [representing a ratio of 15.2% of the total number of cases] for one or more of the main respiratory viruses [influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, adenoviruses, and human metapneumoviruses]. Twenty two were children [accounting for 46% of the total number of children included in the study] and 47 were adults [accounting for 10.4% of the adult group]. Viruses are the main cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children and can cause lower respiratory infection in adults hospitalized or presented at Assiut University Hospitals, Egypt, Characterization of the detected viruses revealed that, they were similar to those reported from other parts of the world during the same period. This proves worldwide spread of these viruses during winter-spring seasons
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Seasons , Child , Adult , Hospitals, Teaching , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methodsABSTRACT
Trypsin Modulating Oostatic Factor [TMOF] terminates trypsin biosynthesis in adult and larval mosquito gut. It will inhibit the growth and development of mosquito larvae feeding on it resulting in death by starvation. The objective of this study is to determine the effective dose of Pichia-TMOF and the combination of Pichia-TMOF with Bacillus thuringiensis [Bt] as larvicide on Ae. aegypti larvae. Aedes aegypti first-instar larvae were exposed to various doses of Pichia-TMOF, Bt and combination of Pichia-TMOF and Bt. The development of the larvae were observed and recorded daily during the bioassay larval test until the adult emergence. The results showed that 400 ppm Pichia-TMOF and 300 ppm Pichia-TMOF were able to cause 100% and 67% cumulative mortality on Ae. aegypti larvae on 8th day respectively. At 200 ppm, 100 ppm and 50 ppm concentration Pichia-TMOF showed obvious stunted effect on Ae. aegypti larvae. Moreover, the combination of 400 ppm Pichia-TMOF with 0.1 ppm Bt showed synergistic effect on Ae. aegypti. Pichia-TMOF inhibited trypsin biosynthesis is potential to act in larval gut causing stunted growth and larval development and causing mortality. The combination of Pichia-TMOF and Bt increased the effectiveness in causing larval mortality
ABSTRACT
The efficacy of piper aduncum essential oil was evaluated against Periplaneta Americana adults and nymphs in the laboratory. The plant essential oil at varying concentrations ranging between 10,000 to 80,000 ppm were placed inside glass beakers, rolled horizontally to ensure the essential oil covers all sides of the beakers and exposed to adults and nymphs of P. americana. Resigen [r] lppm was used as positive control and distilled water as negative control. The LT50 and LT90 was obtained using Log Probit programme. Exposure of essential oil to females P. americanca at concentrations between 10,000 to 80,000 ppm indicated the LT 50 and LT90 values between 5.31 h- 189.19 h and 14.90 h- 2105.31 h, respectively. Treatment with the same concentrations against males P. americana, the LT50 LT 90 were 2.08 h- 181.73h and 5.4 h - 8460.51 h, respectively. Treatment against the nymphal stage with the same range of concentrations indicated the LT 50 and LT 90 of 4.68 h- 381.02 h and 28.71h - 5313.36 h, respectively. The nymphs and males were more susceptible than the females cockroaches. Treatment with Resigen [R] at 1ppm indicated much lower LT 50 and LT 90 values of 2.54h- 9.47h for the females, 1.47h -4.22 h for the males and 4.69 h - 8.92 h for the nymphs. The negative control indicated no mortality for all stages of the cockroach. Piper aduncum essential oil can be used as an alternative natural product for controlling the cockroach Peripatetic americana
Subject(s)
Periplaneta , Oils, Volatile , Cockroaches , Adult , Plant Oils , Plants, MedicinalABSTRACT
To evaluate the impact of diagnostic mastoid X-ray in the improvement of the outcome of active safe chronic suppurative otitis media [CSOM]. Retrospective study, for two groups of patients. A total of 270 patients with safe active CSOM were managed by routine aural toilet, antibiotics and decongestant, divided in to two groups, those who were not exposed to diagnostic x-ray [Group I] and those who were exposed to diagnostic mastoid x-ray [group II]. Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Department in Mosul General Hospital and Al-Rahma hospital during the period from January 2002 to December 2004. The final result after 10-15 weeks of follow-up indicated that 50% of patients had complete dryness of the ear from discharge in those exposed to diagnostic X-ray and Only 25% of those not exposed to diagnostic X-rays showed complete dryness of the ear, [p-value = 0.000] which is statistically a significant result. Some patients with active safe CSOM may get benefit from exposure to diagnostic mastoid X-rays
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Otitis Media, Suppurative/therapy , Chronic Disease , Radiography , X-Rays , Treatment Outcome , Mastoid/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , Bacteria/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β-1) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in the regulation of growth and differentiation of both normal and transformed cells. The main aim of this study was to determine whether TGF-β-1 or alpha fetoprotein (AFP) or the combination of the two is a better indicator for hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC). Serum TGF-β-1 and AFP were measured by ELISA in 40 healthy subjects, 23 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 70 patients with hepatitis B, 26 patients with hepatitis C and 16 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). Patients with liver diseases showed significantly higher serum TGF-β-1 values (>3 fold) compared to control subjects. As for serum AFP, significant elevation was only observed for HCC cases. Serum TGF-β-1 exhibited higher percent sensitivity compared to serum AFP in all liver diseases. Combination of serum TGF-β-1 and AFP increased specificities in all cases studied. In conclusion, serum TGF-β-1 is a more sensitive marker for HCC when compared to serum AFP and its specificity is increased when combined with serum AFP.
ABSTRACT
Bifenthrin and Acorus calamus Linn extract were evaluated against dengue vectors in the laboratory. Both Bifenthrin and Acorus calamus Linn crude hexane extract were bioassayed against the adults and larval stages of dengue vectors Aedes aegypti L. and Aedes albopictus[Skuse] in the laboratory. The A. calamus crude hexane extract exhibited a larvicidal activity against 4th-instar Ae. aegypti larvae with LC50 and LC90 values of 0.4418 and 11.3935 ppm respectively. The plant crude extract exhibited against Ae. albopictus larvae with a higher LC50 and LC90 values of 21.2555 ppm and 36.1061 ppm, respectively. There was a significant difference on the effect of A. calamus extract on both Aedes spp. Larvae [P< 0.05]. However, bifenthrin showed a significant difference on larvicidal effect to that of A. calamus hexane extract on both Aedes spp [P< 0.05]. In testing the adulticidal activity, this plant extract exhibited the LC50 and LC90 values of 17.4075 and 252.9458 ppm against Ae .aegypti and a higher LC50 and LC90 values of 43.9952 and 446.1365 ppm respectively on Ae. albopictus. There was no significant difference on the effect of A. calamus extract on both Aedes spp adults [P> 0.05]. Bifenthrin however showed a significant difference on both Aedes spp adults [P< 0.05]. With the wide availability of A. calamus in Malaysia, it could be utilized for controlling dengue vectors
Subject(s)
Insecta , Acorus , Plant Extracts , Aedes/drug effects , Hexanes , DengueABSTRACT
Angiogenesis or formation of new blood vessels out of pre-existing capillaries is a sequence of events that is fundamental to many physiologic and pathologic processes such as COPD. With the identification of several proangiogenic molecules such as VEGF and bFGF and the recent description of specific inhibitors of angiogenesis such as angiostatin and endostatin. The current study included 76 COPD patients of 5 grades according to postbronchodilator FEV1: -Grade zero: Included 14 male patients who were already diagnosed as COPD grade zero. - Grade 1: Included 10 male patients who were already diagnosed as COPD grade 1. -Grade II a: Include 4 male patients who were already diagnosed as COPD grade II a. -Grade II b: Included 12 male patients who were diagnosed as COPD grade II b. Grade III: Included 36 male patients, who were already diagnosed as COPD grade III. The patients were recruited before treatment administration among the attendants of chest and internal medicine departments, Assiut University Hospital. The study also included 20 healthy male subjects as a control group who were matched in age to the patients [mean age was 63 years old]. For each of the patients and control group the following items were done 1- History 2- Clinical examination 3- Spirometry: to measure the following pulmonary function test. 4- Arterial blood samples for blood gases [PO@, PCO2] analysis. 5- Venous blood sample, the sera were removed for estimation bFGF, VEGF, NO, Lipid peroxide, Copper, Zinc and total iron. The result reveal that serum bFGF, VEGF, serum NO, Lipid peroxide and Serum copper levels were significantly higher in patients with COPD compared to healthy controls [p. value
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Respiratory Function Tests , Blood Gas Analysis , Nitric Oxide , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Fibroblast Growth Factors , Zinc/blood , Copper/blood , Iron/blood , Lipid PeroxidationABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of postpartum oxidative stress and the ovarian anestrus in the dairy cows. Sixteen cows showed normal ovarian cyclicity [normal estrous cycle] detected after 56-63 days postpartum and kept as G1. Thirteen cows showed ovarian cycle after 70-84 days postpartum, G2 and other ten animals showed marked delayed in the ovarian cyclicity more than 90 days, G3. Venous blood samples were taken weekly from all animals in the last two weeks of pregnancy and in postpartum period as well as, sera of blood samples were kept for measuring all parameters. Another blood samples from ten non-pregnant cows in diestrus were taken. The oxidative stress [lipid peroxides and nitric oxide], antioxidants [superoxide dismutase, vitamin E and selenium], as well as estradiol-17beta and progesterone were measured in all animals. In prepartum, lipid peroxides as well as nitric oxide were increased in the last week of pregnancy. In postpartum the preoxidative indices were elevated in the animals of G3 while antioxidants were decreased significantly in G3 and to some extend in G2. Estradiol-17 beta hormone levels were increased significantly in animals of G3 and it was negatively significant correlated with LPO and NO. While progesterone levels were positively significant correlated with antioxidants in the animals of G3. The oxidative stress in these animals may be led to follicular damage and failure of maturation and ovulation. It was concluded from this study that excess free radical production may be play a role in the prolongation of the postpartum anestrus in dairy cows. These may be due to exhaustion of antioxidant system in milk production. Therefore, it was advise to supplement the dam with antioxidants during the late stage of pregnancy and in the postpartum period to stimulate the normal ovarian activity
Subject(s)
Animals , Postpartum Period , Oxidative Stress , Fertility/physiology , Oxidants , AntioxidantsABSTRACT
This case-control study included 60 pregnant women and their offspring who were classified into two groups [30 newborns of women with uncomplicated pregnancy and 30 newborns of preeclamptic women]. A measurement of both maternal and cord blood vitamin A level was done and some anthropometric parameters were taken. The results supported the hypothesis that preeclampsia depletes maternal lipid antioxidant and low plasma concentration of retinol might be associated with the development of preeclampsia. So, a possible prediction of preeclampsia can be obtained by measuring the concentration of retinol, which is relatively easy to be measured
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Fetal Blood , Fetal Weight , Pregnancy Complications , Vitamin A/blood , Gestational Age , PregnancyABSTRACT
40 patients [29 males and 11 females] with an age range of 38-70 years [mean = 56 years], were scanned by transabdominal [suprapubic] ultrasound either because of clinical suspicion of bladder carcinoma [26 cases] or as a follow-up previously diagnosed lesions [14 cases]. The scanning was performed prior to cystoscopy by the same examiner [i.e urologically operated]. The accuracy of detection regarding tumor diameter was 68% and 100% in tumors of 0.5-1.0cm and > 2cm respectively; tumors < 0.5cm were not detected. The accuracy of detection regarding tumor site was 33% and 93% in dome and posterior wall tumors respectively, tumors of the bladder neck and the anterior wall were hard to detect. The sensitivity of the technique was 72% and the specificity was 83%. Although suprapubic scanning cannot replace cystoscoy in the detection and follow-up of bladder tumors yet when it is urologically operated it spares extra time and effort and it can spare also an extra negative cystoscopic check